Контрольная Великая хартия вольностей 1215 года. Конституция США. Конституция Франции. Учебная работа № 154746

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ВАРИАНТ № 5

Задание 1

Прежде всего, отметим, что Великая хартия вольностей 1215 года была принята в результате выступления баронов при участии рыцарства и горожан против короля Иоанна Безземельного.
Задание 2
Принятие конституции США было обусловлено реальными экономическими, политиче¬скими, социальными и идеологическими обстоятельствами. Развал «»вечного Союза»», чудовищный партикуляризм, эко¬номический хаос, угроза гражданской войны — все это требовало создания единого государства на базе 13 практиче¬ски независимых штатов.
Задание 3

Новая Конституция Франции не только отразила соотношение политических сил в стране в первый период после освобождения, но и закрепила на кон¬ституционном уровне ряд новых политических принципов, характерных для европейских конституций так называе¬мой второй волны (40-50-е гг.).
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Учебная работа № 154746. Контрольная Великая хартия вольностей 1215 года. Конституция США. Конституция Франции

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…                    The Reign
of John, 1199-1216.

   The reign of King John was the time when people did
not know what tomorrow would bring to them. Their King was cruel and
unpredictable. It was the time when churches halted their services for a while,
when taxes were raised day after day, when nearly everyone could be destroyed
without having any guilt.

   In his early age John was given
the nickname of Lackland, because being the youngest in the family, he indeed
had no his own lands, unlike his elder brothers. The other historians say that
this nickname was given to him because during his reign he practically lost
everything that he possessed. When he was 19 he was send to govern Ireland. But in a few months he returned, covered with disgrace, because he offended the
loyal chiefs by his childish insolence, and entirely failed to defend the
people from the hostile tribes.

   John became the English king in
1199, at the age of 33. His little nephew Arthur had also the claim to the
throne. John with the help of his men seized him in his bed and send to the
castle in Normandy. Then he told his people: “Put out his eyes and keep him in
prison”, others said: “Have him stabbed”, others: “Have him hanged”, others:
“Have him poisoned”. Finally the boy was stubbed and his body was sunk.

   John was a victim of his own
character and of circumstances. Alth…